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Effect
of surface sterilization, fumigation and gamma irradiation on the microflora and
germination of barley seeds.
Int J Food Microbiol. 1991 May;13(1):47-54.
Ramakrishna N, Lacey J, Smith JE.
A.F.R.C. Institute of Arable Crops Research, Rothamsted Experimental Station,
Harpenden,
Hertfordshire,
U.K.
Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and mercuric chloride (HgCl2) surface sterilization,
methyl bromide and propylene oxide fumigation and gamma irradiation treatments
were compared for their effectiveness in killing microorganisms on or within
barley seeds. Surface sterilization with 12.5, 25 or 50% (v/v) NaOCl for 5, 15
or 30 min, decreased Fusarium spp., Epicoccum purpurascens, and Bacillus spp.
but did not kill Alternaria alternata. However, surface sterilization with 0.1
or 0.2% (w/v) HgCl2 for 3 min significantly decreased A. alternata, Fusarium
spp. and E. purpurascens but Bacillus spp. were only killed by 0.3% (w/v) HgCl2
used for 10 min, which also decreased seed germination. Aspergillus flavus
inoculated onto barley seeds as spores, was completely killed by surface
sterilization with NaOCl but not with HgCl2, while Fusarium culmorum was killed
by both NaOCl and HgCl2 treatments. Fumigation with methyl bromide yielding a
concentration-time product of 3000 mg h l-1 or with propylene oxide giving a
concentration-time product of 2400 mg h l-1 eliminated all filamentous fungi but
Bacillus spp. and yeasts survived, and both treatments adversely affected seed
germination. Gamma irradiation at a dose of 4 kGy eliminated most Alternaria,
Fusarium and Epicoccum spp. but a dose of 12 kGy was required to kill Bacillus
spp., yeasts and Aureobasidium pullulans. Germination was improved slightly up
to a dose of 8 kGy but gradually decreased with increase in dosage to 15 kGy of
gamma irradiation.
PMID: 1863528 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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